3/17/2023 0 Comments Battle pirates hacks 2015Chopping games in Warsaw, hacking software in Athens, creating chaos in Hamburg, producing demos in Turku, or partying with computing in Zagreb and Amsterdam-wherever computers came with specific meanings that designers had attached to them-local communities throughout Europe found them technically fascinating, culturally inspiring, and politically motivating machines. The essays argue that no matter how detailed or unfinished the design projecting the use of computers, users playfully assigned their own meanings to the machines in unexpected ways. Our book’s main focus is the playfulness of hacker culture. Although gaming has been important for computer development, that is not the subject of Hacking Europe. Playfulness was at the heart of how European players appropriated microcomputers in the last quarter of the twentieth century. The existence of a subtle right across European countries and its absence in the US will no doubt continue to be relevant to international technology policy as smart technologies are introduced in more and more areas of society. By situating diverse policy treatments within the cultural contexts from which they emerged, the article uncovers and examines two different legal constructions of automated data processing, one that has furnished a right to a human in the loop that is intended to protect the dignity of the data subject and the other that promotes and fosters full automation to establish and celebrate the fairness and objectivity of computers. The article compares the making of law concerning data protection and privacy, focusing on the role automation has played in the two regimes. Delving into the historical roots of contemporary disputes between information societies, notably European Union and Council of Europe countries and the United States, reveals that the regulation of algorithms has a rich, culturally entrenched, politically relevant backstory. My paper provides an overview of BBS technology to demonstrate how it linked analog and digital domains and then outlines its cultural significance, ultimately discussing the appropriation of BBSes and their role in transnational expansion of ‘the scene’.Ĭontributing to recent scholarship on the governance of algorithms, this article explores the role of dignity in data protection law addressing automated decision-making. Here I argue that the use of telephone networks as a means of transnational software distribution is an instance of actors setting up a convergent media environment driven by the cultural logic of a specific subculture. It also highlights the mundane aspects of the organization of media convergence on the junction between analog and digital technologies. This paper is shedding more light on the roots of contemporary internet-based software piracy by investigating how appropriation of international telephone networks contributed to the globalization of digital software distribution. This article analyzes how software pirates who formed the ‘warez scene’ appropriated telephone network infrastructures and Bulletin Board System (or BBS) technology to circulate computer software across national borders. Pixel had the largest circulation and went a long way in popularizing the home computer in Greece and in shaping its definition. It was the most influential in regards to home computing and ushered in the emergence and development of key user communities. The article focuses on an exemplary Greek home computing magazine, Pixel, which was devoted to tinkering with computer programs and software more generally. This local use was greatly facilitated by the publication of computer magazines, which offered instructions to (as well as reviews and comparisons of) technological products, introduced interactive columns that addressed pressing user questions, and featured updates on and advertisements of hardware, software and peripherals. Greece do it yourself home computers magazines press programming software Theodore Lekkas PhD National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Aristotle Tympas Prof., PhD National and Kapodistrian University of Athens The article suggests that skillful and laborious work has been necessary to make the supposedly global (universal, general purpose) computer usable locally.
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